Basic Knowledge of Drilling Bits in Oil and Gas Industry

 Drilling bit :

 Drilling industry there

are two main categories of drilling bits

rolling cutter bits and fixed cutter

bits bit sizes vary from three and a

half to 36 inches rolling cutter bits

have three cones many people may also

call roller cone bits or try cone bits

each cone can be rotated individually

when the drill string rotates the body

of the bit the cones have roller

bearings fitted at the time of assembly

the rolling cutting bits can be used to

drill any formations if the proper

cutter bearing and nozzle are selected

there are two types of rolling cutter

bits which are mill toothed bits and

tungsten carbide inserts these bits are

classified by how the teeth are

manufactured Mill toothed bits

have

steel toothed cutters which are

fabricated as parts of the bit cone the

bits cut or gouge formations out when

they are being rotated the teeth vary in

size and shape depending on the

formation teeth of the bits are

different depending on formations soft

formation the teeth should be long

slender and widely spaced these teeth

will produce freshly broken cuttings

from soft formations hard formation the

teeth should be short and closely spaced

these teeth will produce smaller more

rounded crushed and ground cuttings from

hard formations

tungsten carbide insert or insert bits

generally have tungsten carbide inserts

that are pressed into the bit cones the

inserts have several shapes such as long

extension shapes round shaped inserts

teeth of the bits are different

depending on the formation as follows

for soft formation the shape of teeth

should be long extension chisel shape

for hard formation the shape of teeth

should be short extension rounded

inserts

fixed cutter bits consist of bit bodies

and cutting elements integrated with the

bit bodies the fixed cutter bits are

designed to excavate holes by shearing

formations rather than chipping or

gouging formations like rolling cutter

bits these bits do not have any moving

parts such as cones or bearings the

components of bits are composed of bit

bodies fabricated from steel or tungsten

carbide matrix and fixed blades

integrated with abrasion resistant

cutters the cutters in the bits that are

available on the market are

poly crystalline diamond cutters PDC and

natural or synthetic diamonds cut errs

nowadays with the improvement that have

been made in fixed cutter bit technology

the PD see bits can drill almost any

kind of formations from soft to hard

formation however if you plan to drill

very hard formations you might consider

using diamonds it's instead.