Basic Rotary Drilling Components.

 Basic Rotary Drilling Component.

     The Basic Rotary Drilling Component Are Given Below.

     1: Derrick or mast.

     2: Substructure.

     3: Mud Pump.

     4: Prime Movers.

     5: Drill String.

     6: Rotary Bit.

     7: Drilling Line.

     8: Travelling Block.

     9: Crown Block.

     10: Draw Works.

     11: Rotary Table.

     12: Swivel.

     13: Blow Out Preventer.

.    14: Hooks.

1: Derrick or Mast : 

     

 A derrick is a lifting device composed at minimum of one guyed

       mast, as in a gin pole, which may be articulated over a load by

       adjusting its guys. Most derricks have at least two components,

       either a guyed mast or self-supporting tower, and a boom

       hinged at its base to provide articulation, as in a stiff leg derrick.

 2: Substructure :

     

  Substructures (drilling rig) Information. Substructures

        are the structural components of land and water-based oil

        platforms which support the derrick, mast, or other rig components,

        as well as providing storage space below the main deck.

  3: Mud Pump :

       

 A mud pump or drilling pump is used to circulate drilling 

       mud (also referred to as drilling fluid) down-hole during 

      drilling operations.The drilling mud is pumped down-hole at

       pressures up to 7500 PSI through the drill string. It returns back

       to the surface via the well's annuls.

   4: Prime Movers :

         

 The source of power for the rig location. On modern 

         rigs, the prime mover consists of one to four or more diesel

        engines. These engines commonly produce several thousand horsepower.

   5: Drill String :

     

 The drill-string means the tubular and the accessories

        used to run the drill bit to the bottom. The drill string is

        composed of drill pipe, heavy weight drill pipe, drill collars 

        and other components like stabilizers and drilling jars.

    6: Rotary Bit :

          

In rotary crushing, the widely used bits are three-cone

         drill bits covered by many teeth or buttons that rotate freely like

        planetary gear and crush the rock as the drill bit is rotated.

        The downward thrust is achieved by the weight of the drill rig 

        itself, and the rotation is applied at the end of the drill pipe.

    7: Drilling Line :

     

  In a drilling rig, the drill line is a multi-thread, twisted wire

         rope that is threaded or veered through in typically 6 to 12 parts 

         between the traveling block and crown block to facilitate the

         lowering and lifting of the drill string into and out of the well-bore.

     8: Travelling Block :

         

The set of sheaves that move up and down in the derrick.

         The wire rope threaded through them is threaded (or "rived")

         back to the stationary crown blocks located on the top of the derrick.

     9: Crown Block :

         

 The fixed set of pulleys (called sheaves) located at the top of

          the derrick or mast, over which the drilling line is threaded. 

         The companion blocks to these pulleys are the traveling blocks.

      10: Draw Work : 

           

The machine on the rig consisting of a large-diameter steel 

      spool, brakes, a power source and assorted auxiliary devices.

      The primary function of the draw-works is to reel out and reel 

     in the drilling line, a large diameter wire rope, in a controlled fashion.

     11: Rotary Table :

           

 A rotary table is a mechanical device on a drilling rig that

        provides clockwise (as viewed from above) rotational force to the 

       drill string to facilitate the process of drilling a borehole. Rotary

       speed is the number of times the rotary table makes one full

       revolution in one minute (rpm).

    12: Swivel :

     

  A rotary table is a mechanical device on a drilling rig

      that provides clockwise (as viewed from above) rotational force

     to the drill string to facilitate the process of drilling a borehole.

    13: Blow Out Preventer :

       A blowout preventer (BOP) (pronounced B-O-P, not "bop") is

        a specialized valve or similar mechanical device, used to seal,

       control and monitor oil and gas wells to prevent blowouts, the 

       uncontrolled release of crude oil or natural gas from a well.

       They are usually installed in stacks of other valves.

       14: Hooks :

     

 The high-capacity J-shaped equipment used to

        hang various other equipment, particularly the swivel and Kelly, 

       the elevator bails or top-drive units. The hook is at- tached to the 

      bottom of the traveling block and provides a way to pick up heavy 

      loads with the traveling block.